溫馨提示:這篇文章已超過(guò)749天沒有更新,請(qǐng)注意相關(guān)的內(nèi)容是否還可用!
中國(guó)會(huì)計(jì)科目的中英文對(duì)照 一、資產(chǎn)類 Assets 流動(dòng)資產(chǎn) Current assets 貨幣資金 Cash and cash equivalents 1001 現(xiàn)金 Cash 1002 銀行存款 Cash in bank 1009 其他貨幣資金 Other cash and cash equivalents '100901 外埠存款 Other city
現(xiàn)金 Cash in hand 銀行存款 Cash in bank 其他貨幣資金-外埠存款Other monetary assets - cash in other cities 其他貨幣資金-銀行本票 Other monetary assets - cashier‘s check 其他貨幣資金-銀行匯票 Other monetary ass
1 資產(chǎn) assets 11~ 12 流動(dòng)資產(chǎn) current assets 111 現(xiàn)金及約當(dāng)現(xiàn)金 cash and cash equivalents 1111 庫(kù)存現(xiàn)金 [1] cash on hand 1112 零用金/周轉(zhuǎn)金 petty cash/revolving funds 1113
一、資產(chǎn)類庫(kù)存現(xiàn)金(Cash on hand)銀行存款(Cash in bank)其他貨幣資金(Other cash and cash equivalents)存出保證金(Refundable deposits)交易性金融資產(chǎn)(Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss)應(yīng)收
求各位幫幫忙,把這些會(huì)計(jì)科目翻譯成英文,謝謝!現(xiàn)金
1、會(huì)計(jì)分錄R Baker invested debit: Cash---3750 credit:Paid-up capital(or stock)---3750 a.debit: Office allowance ---375 credit: cash---375 b.debit: Fixed assets---1050 credit:Account payable ---
會(huì)計(jì)憑證 accounting element 會(huì)計(jì)要素 accounting entity 會(huì)計(jì)主體 accounting entries 會(huì)計(jì)分錄 accounting equation / accounting identity 會(huì)計(jì)恒等式 accounting function 會(huì)計(jì)職能 accounting postulate 會(huì)計(jì)假設(shè) accounting principle
你可以自譯,工具欄里邊有 Accounting entity 會(huì)計(jì)主體 Accounting equation 會(huì)計(jì)平衡式 Accounting framework 會(huì)計(jì)框架 Accounting period concept 會(huì)計(jì)期間概念 Accounts 賬戶 Accounts payable 應(yīng)付賬款 Accounts r
Long term securities investemnt - bonds 長(zhǎng)期債券投資-其他債權(quán)投資 Long term securities investment - others 長(zhǎng)期投資減值準(zhǔn)備 Provision for long-term investment 應(yīng)收票據(jù) Notes receivable 應(yīng)收股利 Dividends receivable 應(yīng)
會(huì)計(jì)分錄借貸方英文簡(jiǎn)寫會(huì)計(jì)分錄中,借方英文簡(jiǎn)寫為“Dr”(Debit),貸方英文簡(jiǎn)寫為“Cr”(Credit)。在借貸記賬法下,“借”和“貸”作為記賬符號(hào),用來(lái)表示會(huì)計(jì)要素的增加或減少的記賬方向。“借”一般用于表示資產(chǎn)、費(fèi)用
accounting則是學(xué)術(shù)上專指“會(huì)計(jì)、會(huì)計(jì)學(xué)、記賬”的意思,所以accounting entry就明確的專指會(huì)計(jì)分錄,更有學(xué)術(shù)氣息。accounting [ə'kauntiŋ] n. 會(huì)計(jì),會(huì)計(jì)學(xué);帳單 accountant [ə'kauntənt]n.
accounting entity 會(huì)計(jì)主體 accounting entries 會(huì)計(jì)分錄 accounting equation / accounting identity 會(huì)計(jì)恒等式 accounting function 會(huì)計(jì)職能 accounting postulate 會(huì)計(jì)假設(shè) accounting principle 會(huì)計(jì)原則 accounting report /accounting
求常見的會(huì)計(jì)分錄英文表達(dá)形式(越全越好)
1 資產(chǎn) assets 11~ 12 流動(dòng)資產(chǎn) current assets 111 現(xiàn)金及約當(dāng)現(xiàn)金 cash and cash equivalents 1111 庫(kù)存現(xiàn)金 cash on hand 1112 零用金/周轉(zhuǎn)金 petty cash/revolving funds 1113 銀行存款 cash in banks 1116 在途現(xiàn)金
庫(kù)存現(xiàn)金 cash on hand 零用金/周轉(zhuǎn)金 petty cash/revolving funds 銀行存款 cash in banks 在途現(xiàn)金 cash in transit 約當(dāng)現(xiàn)金 cash equivalents 其它現(xiàn)金及約當(dāng)現(xiàn)金 other cash and cash equivalents
中英文對(duì)照最新會(huì)計(jì)科目 北京市審計(jì)局發(fā)布 順序號(hào) 編號(hào) 會(huì)計(jì)科目名稱 適用范圍 英文表達(dá)法 一、資產(chǎn)類 1 1001 庫(kù)存現(xiàn)金 Cash on Hand 2 1002 銀行存款 Bank Deposit 3 1003 存放中央銀行款項(xiàng) 銀行專用 Deposit in the Central Bank
5503 財(cái)務(wù)費(fèi)用 Finance charge 利息支出 Interest exchange 匯兌損失 Foreign exchange loss 各項(xiàng)手續(xù)費(fèi) Charge for trouble 各項(xiàng)專門借款費(fèi)用 Special-borrowing cost 5601 營(yíng)業(yè)外支出 Nonbusiness expenditure 捐贈(zèng)支出 Donation outlay 減值準(zhǔn)備
一、資產(chǎn)類庫(kù)存現(xiàn)金(Cash on hand)銀行存款(Cash in bank)其他貨幣資金(Other cash and cash equivalents)存出保證金(Refundable deposits)交易性金融資產(chǎn)(Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss)應(yīng)收
5503 財(cái)務(wù)費(fèi)用 Finance charge 利息支出 Interest exchange 匯兌損失 Foreign exchange loss 各項(xiàng)手續(xù)費(fèi) Charge for trouble 各項(xiàng)專門借款費(fèi)用 Special-borrowing cost 5601 營(yíng)業(yè)外支出 Nonbusiness expenditure 捐贈(zèng)支出 Donation outlay 減值準(zhǔn)備
中英文會(huì)計(jì)科目對(duì)照表,
未確認(rèn)融資費(fèi)用 Unrecognized finance fees 其他長(zhǎng)期資產(chǎn) Other long term assets 遞延稅款借項(xiàng) Deferred assets debits 應(yīng)付票據(jù) Notes payable 應(yīng)付帳款 Trade creditors 應(yīng)收帳款: acc recieve(AR)應(yīng)付帳款; acc Payable(AP)預(yù)收帳款
預(yù)收賬款(Deposit received)預(yù)收賬款科目核算企業(yè)按照合同規(guī)定或交易雙方之約定,而向購(gòu)買單位或接受勞務(wù)的單位在未發(fā)出商品或提供勞務(wù)時(shí)預(yù)收的款項(xiàng)。是資產(chǎn)與負(fù)債等金額增加 預(yù)提費(fèi)用:是指企業(yè)按規(guī)定預(yù)先提取但尚未實(shí)際支付的
預(yù)收帳款 yùshōu zhàngkuǎn 前受金 應(yīng)付工資 yīngfù gōngzī 未払給與 應(yīng)付福利費(fèi) yīngfù fúlìfèi 未払福利費(fèi) 應(yīng)付股利 yīngfù gǔlì 未払配當(dāng)金 應(yīng)交稅金 yīngjiāo shuìjīn 未払稅金 其他應(yīng)交款 qítā yīngjiāoku
應(yīng)付帳款 Accounts payable 應(yīng)付工資 Accrued payroll 應(yīng)交稅金 Taxes payable 應(yīng)付股利 Dividends payable 預(yù)收貨款 Advances form customers 其他應(yīng)交款 Other dutiable 其他應(yīng)付款 Other payables 預(yù)提費(fèi)用 Accrued expense 職工
receive in advance :預(yù)收 account:帳款
2202 應(yīng)付帳款 Account payable 2205 預(yù)收帳款 Deposit received 2211 應(yīng)付職工薪酬(含福利費(fèi)) Wages & welfarism payable 2221 應(yīng)交稅費(fèi)(含應(yīng)交稅金和其他應(yīng)交款) Taxes and dues payable 222101 個(gè)人所得稅 individual
預(yù)提費(fèi)用 drawing expenses in advance 長(zhǎng)期借款 long-term loan 應(yīng)付債券 debenture payable 長(zhǎng)期應(yīng)付款 long-term payable 遞延稅款 deferred tax 住房周轉(zhuǎn)金 revolving fund of house 三、所有者權(quán)益 owners equity 股本paid-up stock
“預(yù)收帳款”和“預(yù)提費(fèi)用”怎么翻譯?謝謝
肯定不一樣 會(huì)計(jì)中沒有這個(gè)科目,只有預(yù)提費(fèi)用 accrued expense 這個(gè)詞是應(yīng)計(jì)費(fèi)用,也就是累計(jì)的費(fèi)用
預(yù)提費(fèi)用 drawing expenses in advance 長(zhǎng)期借款 long-term loan 應(yīng)付債券 debenture payable 長(zhǎng)期應(yīng)付款 long-term payable 遞延稅款 deferred tax 住房周轉(zhuǎn)金 revolving fund of house 三、所有者權(quán)益 owners equity 股本paid-up stock
預(yù)提費(fèi)用 Accrued expense 職工獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)及福利基金 Staff and workers' bonus and welfare fund 其他流動(dòng)負(fù)債 Other current liabilities 流動(dòng)負(fù)債合計(jì) Total current liabilities 長(zhǎng)期負(fù)債: LONG-TERM LIABILITIES:長(zhǎng)期借款 Long-term
預(yù)提費(fèi)用Drawing expense in advance 長(zhǎng)期借款Long term loan 實(shí)收資本Paid-in capital 資本公積Capital reserves 本年利潤(rùn)C(jī)urrent year profits 利潤(rùn)分配Profit distribution 未分配利潤(rùn)Undistributed profit 生產(chǎn)成本Cost of
Paid-in capital 實(shí)收資本 Retained earning 留存收益 Deferred revenues 遞延收入 Accrued expenses 累計(jì)支出 前3個(gè)翻譯一定是對(duì)的,我是按照新準(zhǔn)則翻的,最后一個(gè)沒有對(duì)應(yīng)的中文翻譯,不知道你是哪看來(lái)的。前三個(gè)自己baid
預(yù)提費(fèi)用翻譯為 :Raises the expense in advance 保證對(duì)
An expense that is incurred, but not yet paid for, during a given accounting period.
預(yù)提費(fèi)用的英文,預(yù)提費(fèi)用的翻譯,怎么用英語(yǔ)翻譯預(yù)提
應(yīng)計(jì)費(fèi)用,預(yù)提費(fèi)用
一、意思不同 1.accountpayable意思:應(yīng)付帳款 2.accruedexpense意思:應(yīng)計(jì)費(fèi)用,應(yīng)付未付費(fèi)用 二、用法不同 1.accountpayable用法:接以“as+n.”或“tobe+adj.”充當(dāng)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)。例句:Using a charge account
短期借款、預(yù)收貨款(預(yù)收定金)和預(yù)提費(fèi)用等,應(yīng)當(dāng)分別核算;Provided by gtcom 2 Thus, accrued liabilities also are called accrued expenses.因此,應(yīng)計(jì)負(fù)債也稱為應(yīng)計(jì)費(fèi)用。danci.911cha.com 3 The Commission therefore
accrued expenses 應(yīng)計(jì)費(fèi)用;網(wǎng)絡(luò) 預(yù)提費(fèi)用; 二級(jí) 應(yīng)付未付帳; 應(yīng)累算費(fèi)用;雙語(yǔ)例句 1 Short term borrowings, deposits from customers ( advance deposits) and accrued expenses shall be accounted for separately.短期借款
accrued expenses 應(yīng)計(jì)費(fèi)用;例句:1.The expenses attributable to the current period but not yet paid in currentperiod shall be recognized as accrued expenses of the current period.本期尚未支付但應(yīng)由本期負(fù)擔(dān)的費(fèi)用
accrued expenses:應(yīng)計(jì)費(fèi)用。雙語(yǔ)例句:1.Finish monthly accrued expenses breakdown and management reports in time.每月按時(shí)完成預(yù)提費(fèi)用科目余額明細(xì)表。2.To collect information of accrued expenses in monthly closing.月底
什么是Accrued_Expense?
account payable和accrued expense的區(qū)別:意思不同、用法不同、側(cè)重點(diǎn)不同 一、意思不同 1.account payable意思:應(yīng)付帳款 2.accrued expense意思:應(yīng)計(jì)費(fèi)用, 應(yīng)付未付費(fèi)用 二、用法不同 1.account payable用法:接以“as+ n. ”或“to be+ adj. ”充當(dāng)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)。 例句: Using a charge account creates an account payable. 使用費(fèi)的賬戶要發(fā)明一個(gè)賬戶來(lái)支付。 2.accrued expense用法:接賓語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ),且在賓語(yǔ)后偶爾會(huì)加上to be,偶爾會(huì)加上as。 例句: Prepare journal vouchers for all accrued expense to support monthly closing. 為所有預(yù)提費(fèi)用準(zhǔn)備傳票,以支持月末結(jié)帳。 三、側(cè)重點(diǎn)不同 1.account payable側(cè)重點(diǎn):用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 2.accrued expense側(cè)重點(diǎn):用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般將來(lái)時(shí)。account payable 應(yīng)付賬款 ,主要表示應(yīng)采購(gòu)商品等發(fā)生的,欠供應(yīng)商的錢 accrual expense 可把其近似當(dāng)做預(yù)提費(fèi)用(現(xiàn)我國(guó)會(huì)計(jì)準(zhǔn)則已經(jīng)取消的一個(gè)科目) account payable 可以理解為收到發(fā)票后用的科目,accrual expense 可以理解為沒收到發(fā)票時(shí)用的科目 一般采購(gòu)系統(tǒng)收貨后,財(cái)務(wù)系統(tǒng)會(huì)自動(dòng)生成原分錄(original entries) 借:expense 貸:accrual expense 待供應(yīng)商提供發(fā)票和相關(guān)單據(jù),財(cái)務(wù)人員在系統(tǒng)中做相關(guān)操作后,系統(tǒng)會(huì)先沖銷原分錄(original entries), 借:accrual expense 貸:expense 然后做調(diào)賬分錄(adjusting entries )借:expense貸:account payable
1. 未払費(fèi)用(みふつひよう) [ビジネス用語(yǔ)] 中國(guó)語(yǔ) : 預(yù)提費(fèi)用 ピンイン : yù tí fèi yòng 2. 前取立費(fèi)用、未払費(fèi)用(まえとりたてひよう みばらいひよう) [會(huì)計(jì)] 中國(guó)語(yǔ) : 預(yù)提費(fèi)用 ピンイン : yù tí fèi yòng 給你個(gè)字典,有不會(huì)的自己查查。 http://bitex-cn.com/search_result.php?match=contains&keyword=&deal_type=jp2cn&x=8&y=3
預(yù)收帳款翻譯為 :Advance receipt credit 預(yù)提費(fèi)用翻譯為 :Raises the expense in advance 保證對(duì)
權(quán)責(zé)發(fā)生制與“待攤、預(yù)提費(fèi)用”的歸屬 來(lái)源:- 更新時(shí)間:2008-7-23 11:20:56 【字體:大 小】 【打印】 一、新準(zhǔn)則下的權(quán)責(zé)發(fā)生制與“待攤、預(yù)提費(fèi)用” 權(quán)責(zé)發(fā)生制亦稱應(yīng)收應(yīng)付制,國(guó)際會(huì)計(jì)準(zhǔn)則解釋為:“按照權(quán)責(zé)發(fā)生制,要在交易事項(xiàng)和其他事項(xiàng)發(fā)生時(shí)(而不是在收到和支付現(xiàn)金和現(xiàn)金等價(jià)物時(shí))確認(rèn)其影響,而且要將它們記入與它們相聯(lián)系的期間的會(huì)計(jì)記錄并在該期間的財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)告中予以報(bào)告。”具體來(lái)說(shuō),權(quán)責(zé)發(fā)生制是指企業(yè)按收入的權(quán)利和支出的義務(wù)是否歸屬于本期來(lái)確認(rèn)收入、費(fèi)用的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。而不是按款項(xiàng)的實(shí)際收支是否在本期發(fā)生。 在權(quán)責(zé)發(fā)生制下,凡是屬于本期實(shí)現(xiàn)的收入和發(fā)生的費(fèi)用,不論款項(xiàng)是否實(shí)際收到或?qū)嶋H付出。都應(yīng)作為本期的收入和費(fèi)用入賬;凡是不屬于本期的收入和費(fèi)用。即使款項(xiàng)在本期收到或付出,也不作為本期的收入和費(fèi)用處理。待攤費(fèi)用和預(yù)提費(fèi)用科目的設(shè)置和應(yīng)用是權(quán)責(zé)發(fā)生制的產(chǎn)物,它把預(yù)先支付的各相關(guān)費(fèi)用,在以后按照收益的期間均衡地加以攤銷。或把需要以后支付的費(fèi)用按照收益期間預(yù)先加以提取,使各個(gè)月份的成本費(fèi)用均衡發(fā)生,起到了“蓄水池”的作用,因而備受各企業(yè)的歡迎。 我國(guó)于2006年頒布了新會(huì)計(jì)準(zhǔn)則(包括1項(xiàng)基本準(zhǔn)則和38項(xiàng)具體準(zhǔn)則)以及準(zhǔn)則的應(yīng)用指南。作為新會(huì)計(jì)準(zhǔn)則體系,由基本準(zhǔn)則、具體準(zhǔn)則和應(yīng)用指南3部分構(gòu)成。新會(huì)計(jì)準(zhǔn)則雖明確并提高了權(quán)責(zé)發(fā)生制的地位,卻在經(jīng)過(guò)準(zhǔn)則應(yīng)用指南的征求意見稿、草案、正式稿幾次變化后逐步取消了“待攤費(fèi)用”、“預(yù)提費(fèi)用”科目。新準(zhǔn)則應(yīng)用指南附錄的會(huì)計(jì)科目表中取消了待攤費(fèi)用和預(yù)提費(fèi)用這兩個(gè)會(huì)計(jì)科目。同時(shí),在《企業(yè)會(huì)計(jì)準(zhǔn)則第30號(hào)——財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表列報(bào)》應(yīng)用指南中,一般企業(yè)資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表也相應(yīng)取消了這兩個(gè)項(xiàng)目。 在個(gè)別具體準(zhǔn)則中,對(duì)待攤和預(yù)提費(fèi)用的處理有所說(shuō)明?!镀髽I(yè)會(huì)計(jì)準(zhǔn)則第31號(hào)——現(xiàn)金流量表》準(zhǔn)則第十六條規(guī)定,企業(yè)應(yīng)當(dāng)在附注中披露將凈利潤(rùn)調(diào)節(jié)為經(jīng)營(yíng)活動(dòng)現(xiàn)金流量的信息,至少應(yīng)單獨(dú)披露對(duì)凈利潤(rùn)進(jìn)行調(diào)節(jié)的項(xiàng)目,其中包括了待攤費(fèi)用和預(yù)提費(fèi)用項(xiàng)目。《企業(yè)會(huì)計(jì)準(zhǔn)則第32號(hào)一中期財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)告》第十三條規(guī)定,企業(yè)在年度中不均勻發(fā)生的費(fèi)用,應(yīng)當(dāng)在發(fā)生時(shí)予以確認(rèn)和計(jì)量,不應(yīng)在中期財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表中預(yù)提或者待攤,但會(huì)計(jì)年度末允許預(yù)提或待攤的除外。從以上的規(guī)定可以看出,準(zhǔn)則制定者的意圖是強(qiáng)調(diào)年報(bào),認(rèn)為小的費(fèi)用在年度內(nèi)沒有必要均衡地分?jǐn)偟矫總€(gè)月,可以直接計(jì)入當(dāng)期損益,所以取消了待攤費(fèi)用和預(yù)提費(fèi)用。但留有余地,在必要的情況下也可以通過(guò)其他科目進(jìn)行費(fèi)用的攤銷和預(yù)提。 二、費(fèi)用攤銷相關(guān)業(yè)務(wù)的會(huì)計(jì)處理 原準(zhǔn)則、制度中常見的待攤費(fèi)用有低值易耗品的攤銷、出租出借包裝物攤銷、預(yù)付保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)、預(yù)付租金、預(yù)付報(bào)刊費(fèi)以及一次交納數(shù)額較大的印花稅等,其特點(diǎn)是先支付,后攤?cè)胗嘘P(guān)的成本費(fèi)用??筛鶕?jù)待攤費(fèi)用的不同性質(zhì)選擇合適的處理方法。 1、低值易耗品攤銷、出租出借包裝物攤銷 根據(jù)新準(zhǔn)則應(yīng)用指南,低值易耗品、包裝物應(yīng)通過(guò)“周轉(zhuǎn)材料”科目核算,也可以單獨(dú)設(shè)置“低值易耗品”、“包裝物”科目。本科目可按材料的種類,分別以“在庫(kù)”、“在用”、“攤銷”進(jìn)行明細(xì)核算。 采用一次轉(zhuǎn)銷法的,領(lǐng)用時(shí)應(yīng)按其賬面價(jià)值,借記“管理費(fèi)用”、“生產(chǎn)成本”、“銷售費(fèi)用”等科目,貸記“周轉(zhuǎn)材料”科目。采用其他攤銷法的,領(lǐng)用時(shí)應(yīng)按其賬面價(jià)值,借記“周轉(zhuǎn)材料”科目(在用),貸記“周轉(zhuǎn)材料”科目(在庫(kù));攤銷時(shí)應(yīng)按其攤銷額。借記“管理費(fèi)用”、“生產(chǎn)成本”、“銷售費(fèi)用”等科目,貸記“周轉(zhuǎn)材料”科目(攤銷)??梢?,對(duì)于低值易耗品和包裝物,不論采用的是什么攤銷方法,都不會(huì)再記入“待攤費(fèi)用”科目,可以直接通過(guò)“周轉(zhuǎn)材料”科目(攤銷)核算。 2、預(yù)付保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)、預(yù)付租金、預(yù)付報(bào)刊費(fèi) 對(duì)于先預(yù)付,后期才逐漸形成費(fèi)用的項(xiàng)目,在理論上講,可以通過(guò)“預(yù)付賬款”或“其他應(yīng)收款‘科目核算。在新準(zhǔn)則并沒有明確規(guī)定的情況下。筆者建議可以先通過(guò)普通會(huì)計(jì)實(shí)務(wù)工作者更容易理解并接受的”預(yù)付賬款“科目核算。 企業(yè)應(yīng)當(dāng)在預(yù)付相關(guān)款項(xiàng)時(shí)按照實(shí)際支付的金額,借記“預(yù)付賬款”科目,貸記“銀行存款”科目,同時(shí)對(duì)于預(yù)付款項(xiàng)逐月攤銷。每月攤銷時(shí)按其攤銷額,借記“管理費(fèi)用”、“制造費(fèi)用”等科目,貸記“預(yù)付賬款”科目,直至攤銷完畢。 3、一次交納數(shù)額較大的印花稅 根據(jù)新準(zhǔn)則應(yīng)用指南,企業(yè)按規(guī)定計(jì)算確定的應(yīng)交礦產(chǎn)資源補(bǔ)償費(fèi)、房產(chǎn)稅、車船使用稅、土地使用稅、印花稅,借記“管理費(fèi)用”科目,貸記“應(yīng)交稅費(fèi)”科目。由此可知,企業(yè)在計(jì)算應(yīng)交納的印花稅時(shí),可直接計(jì)人當(dāng)期損益;在實(shí)際支付印花稅時(shí),則直接沖減“應(yīng)交稅費(fèi)”科目。不再進(jìn)行分?jǐn)偂? 三、費(fèi)用預(yù)提相關(guān)業(yè)務(wù)的會(huì)計(jì)處理 原準(zhǔn)則、制度中常見的預(yù)提費(fèi)用有預(yù)提借款利息、保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)、租金、固定資產(chǎn)大修理費(fèi)等,根據(jù)重要性原則,當(dāng)上述費(fèi)用數(shù)額較小時(shí)可以一次性計(jì)入當(dāng)期損益。如果數(shù)額較大且有確鑿證據(jù)證明需要預(yù)提的只能記入應(yīng)付款項(xiàng)目。 1、預(yù)提短期借款利息 在實(shí)際工作中,銀行一般于每季度末收取短期借款利息,為此,企業(yè)的短期借款利息一般采用月末預(yù)提的方式進(jìn)行核算。筆者認(rèn)為可以參照分期付息長(zhǎng)期借款的利息處理辦法。通過(guò)“應(yīng)付利息”科目核算。 企業(yè)應(yīng)當(dāng)在月末按照計(jì)算確定的短期借款利息費(fèi)用,借記“財(cái)務(wù)費(fèi)用”科目,貸記“應(yīng)付利息”科目;實(shí)際支付利息時(shí)。根據(jù)已預(yù)提的利息,借記“應(yīng)付利息”科目,根據(jù)當(dāng)月應(yīng)計(jì)利息,借記“財(cái)務(wù)費(fèi)用”科目,根據(jù)應(yīng)付利息總額,貸記“銀行存款”科目。 2、預(yù)提保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)、租金 對(duì)于此類業(yè)務(wù)。新準(zhǔn)則及應(yīng)用指南中并沒有明確規(guī)定,暫無(wú)非常合適的科目進(jìn)行核算。筆者建議,本著重要性原則,對(duì)于數(shù)額較小的保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)、租金可以直接計(jì)入當(dāng)期損益,數(shù)額較大時(shí)可通過(guò)“其他應(yīng)付款”科目進(jìn)行核算。 企業(yè)應(yīng)當(dāng)在月末按照計(jì)算確定的應(yīng)付租金或保險(xiǎn)費(fèi),借記相關(guān)費(fèi)用科目,貸記“其他應(yīng)付款”科目;實(shí)際交納租金或保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)時(shí),根據(jù)已預(yù)提的金額,借記“其他應(yīng)付款”科目,根據(jù)當(dāng)月應(yīng)付租金或保險(xiǎn)費(fèi),借記相關(guān)費(fèi)用科目,根據(jù)應(yīng)付租金或保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)總額,貸記“銀行存款”科目。 3、固定資產(chǎn)大修理費(fèi) 新準(zhǔn)則應(yīng)用指南規(guī)定,固定資產(chǎn)后續(xù)支出,如果使可能流入企業(yè)的經(jīng)濟(jì)利益超過(guò)了原來(lái)的估計(jì)(如延長(zhǎng)固定資產(chǎn)使用壽命或提高產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量),應(yīng)當(dāng)計(jì)入固定資產(chǎn)賬面價(jià)值;除此之外的固定資產(chǎn)修理費(fèi)用,無(wú)論發(fā)生支出的金額大小。應(yīng)當(dāng)在發(fā)生時(shí)直接計(jì)人當(dāng)期損益,不再通過(guò)費(fèi)用攤提賬戶核算。 四、對(duì)取消“待攤、預(yù)提費(fèi)用”科目的兩點(diǎn)疑問 (一)取消兩科目的原因 對(duì)于“待攤、預(yù)提費(fèi)用”性質(zhì)的認(rèn)識(shí)。理論界和會(huì)計(jì)實(shí)務(wù)界都莫衷一是。原準(zhǔn)則和制度將“兩費(fèi)”視為資產(chǎn)、負(fù)債。并做了具體規(guī)定。理論界具有代表性的觀點(diǎn)認(rèn)為:待攤費(fèi)用(包括開辦費(fèi)和長(zhǎng)期待攤費(fèi)用)不符合資產(chǎn)的本質(zhì),預(yù)提費(fèi)用也不是過(guò)去的交易或事項(xiàng)形成的現(xiàn)實(shí)義務(wù)。不符合負(fù)債的定義。之所以仍保留在資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表上。是由于復(fù)式記賬的機(jī)制和其在特定時(shí)期內(nèi)的借方及貸方余額(借貸記賬法可以根據(jù)余額的方向判斷賬戶的性質(zhì))。 另外,很多企業(yè)利用待攤費(fèi)用和預(yù)提費(fèi)用作為“蓄水池”,不及時(shí)確認(rèn)或少攤銷已發(fā)生的費(fèi)用和損失,或者多確認(rèn)多攤銷已發(fā)生的費(fèi)用和損失,作為企業(yè)粉飾會(huì)計(jì)報(bào)表、調(diào)節(jié)會(huì)計(jì)利潤(rùn)的慣用手段。同時(shí)根據(jù)我國(guó)所得稅有關(guān)條例的規(guī)定,預(yù)提費(fèi)用需要在申報(bào)納稅時(shí)調(diào)整,顯然增加了會(huì)計(jì)人員的納稅調(diào)整工作量。這種種原因和爭(zhēng)議。都對(duì)兩科目的取消起到了推波助瀾的作用。 (二)取消兩科目后的不良影響 會(huì)計(jì)實(shí)務(wù)長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)將“待攤、預(yù)提費(fèi)用”在資產(chǎn)、負(fù)債中進(jìn)行核算,如果一夜之間將其取消。很多會(huì)計(jì)人員可能難以接受。也不知道如何對(duì)于原賬戶相關(guān)業(yè)務(wù)進(jìn)行處理,在編制報(bào)表時(shí)也會(huì)產(chǎn)生很多問題。在《企業(yè)會(huì)計(jì)準(zhǔn)則第38號(hào)——首次執(zhí)行企業(yè)會(huì)計(jì)準(zhǔn)則》中,并沒有對(duì)首次執(zhí)行當(dāng)日企業(yè)應(yīng)如何處理原來(lái)的待攤、預(yù)提費(fèi)用余額做出解釋。如果將“兩費(fèi)”一次性計(jì)人當(dāng)期損益。必然會(huì)對(duì)企業(yè)利潤(rùn)和資本市場(chǎng)造成影響;如果不一次性計(jì)入當(dāng)期損益,又不知道具體該怎么辦。 筆者建議。首次執(zhí)行日的“待攤費(fèi)用”余額可計(jì)入首次執(zhí)行日當(dāng)期損益或轉(zhuǎn)入預(yù)付賬款科目處理;首次執(zhí)行日的“預(yù)提費(fèi)用”余額。如果符合負(fù)債或預(yù)計(jì)負(fù)債的定義,則轉(zhuǎn)入相應(yīng)應(yīng)付款項(xiàng)或預(yù)計(jì)負(fù)債科目,如果不符合負(fù)債或預(yù)計(jì)負(fù)債的定義,則只能沖回或按照前期差錯(cuò)更正原則處理。希望新的準(zhǔn)則實(shí)施細(xì)則早日出臺(tái),讓廣大會(huì)計(jì)工作者有“則”可循。
因?yàn)樾聹?zhǔn)則報(bào)表中沒有"待攤費(fèi)用"和"預(yù)提費(fèi)用"兩個(gè)科目 對(duì)于"預(yù)提費(fèi)用"如果企業(yè)實(shí)在需要預(yù)提,就在報(bào)表中的"預(yù)收款項(xiàng)"中合并反映 例如:你公司年末預(yù)收50,預(yù)提30,那么報(bào)表中預(yù)收就反映為80
現(xiàn)金 Cash in hand 銀行存款 Cash in bank 其他貨幣資金-外埠存款Other monetary assets - cash in other cities 其他貨幣資金-銀行本票 Other monetary assets - cashier‘s check 其他貨幣資金-銀行匯票 Other monetary assets - bank draft 其他貨幣資金-信用卡 Other monetary assets - credit cards 其他貨幣資金-信用證保證金 Other monetary assets - L/C deposit 其他貨幣資金-存出投資款 Other monetary assets - cash for investment 短期投資-股票投資 Investments - Short term - stocks 短期投資-債券投資 Investments - Short term - bonds 短期投資-基金投資 Investments - Short term - funds 短期投資-其他投資 Investments - Short term - others 短期投資跌價(jià)準(zhǔn)備 Provision for short-term investment 長(zhǎng)期股權(quán)投資-股票投資 Long term equity investment - stocks 長(zhǎng)期股權(quán)投資-其他股權(quán)投資 Long term equity investment - others 長(zhǎng)期債券投資-債券投資 Long term securities investemnt - bonds 長(zhǎng)期債券投資-其他債權(quán)投資 Long term securities investment - others 長(zhǎng)期投資減值準(zhǔn)備 Provision for long-term investment 應(yīng)收票據(jù) Notes receivable 應(yīng)收股利 Dividends receivable 應(yīng)收利息 Interest receivable 應(yīng)收帳款 Trade debtors 壞帳準(zhǔn)備- 應(yīng)收帳款 Provision for doubtful debts - trade debtors 預(yù)付帳款 Prepayment 應(yīng)收補(bǔ)貼款 Allowance receivable 其他應(yīng)收款 Other debtors 壞帳準(zhǔn)備- 其他應(yīng)收款 Provision for doubtful debts - other debtors 其他流動(dòng)資產(chǎn) Other current assets 物資采購(gòu) Purchase 原材料 Raw materials 包裝物 Packing materials 低值易耗品 Low value consumbles 材料成本差異 Material cost difference 自制半成品 Self-manufactured goods 庫(kù)存商品 Finished goods 商品進(jìn)銷差價(jià) Difference between purchase & sales of commodities 委托加工物資 Consigned processiong material 委托代銷商品 Consignment-out 受托代銷商品 Consignment-in 分期收款發(fā)出商品 Goods on instalment sales 存貨跌價(jià)準(zhǔn)備 Provision for obsolete stocks 待攤費(fèi)用 Prepaid expenses 待處理流動(dòng)資產(chǎn)損益 Unsettled G/L on current assets 待處理固定資產(chǎn)損益 Unsettled G/L on fixed assets 委托貸款-本金 Consignment loan - principle 委托貸款-利息 Consignment loan - interest 委托貸款-減值準(zhǔn)備 Consignment loan - provision 固定資產(chǎn)-房屋建筑物 Fixed assets - Buildings 固定資產(chǎn)-機(jī)器設(shè)備 Fixed assets - Plant and machinery 固定資產(chǎn)-電子設(shè)備、器具及家具 Fixed assets - Electronic Equipment, furniture and fixtures 固定資產(chǎn)-運(yùn)輸設(shè)備 Fixed assets - Automobiles 累計(jì)折舊 Accumulated depreciation 固定資產(chǎn)減值準(zhǔn)備 Impairment of fixed assets 工程物資-專用材料 Project material - specific materials 工程物資-專用設(shè)備 Project material - specific equipment 工程物資-預(yù)付大型設(shè)備款 Project material - prepaid for equipment 工程物資-為生產(chǎn)準(zhǔn)備的工具及器具 Project material - tools and facilities for production 在建工程 Construction in progress 在建工程減值準(zhǔn)備 Impairment of construction in progress 固定資產(chǎn)清理 Disposal of fixed assets 無(wú)形資產(chǎn)-專利權(quán) Intangible assets - patent 無(wú)形資產(chǎn)-非專利技術(shù) Intangible assets - industrial property and know-how 無(wú)形資產(chǎn)-商標(biāo)權(quán) Intangible assets - trademark rights 無(wú)形資產(chǎn)-土地使用權(quán) Intangible assets - land use rights 無(wú)形資產(chǎn)-商譽(yù) Intangible assets - goodwill 無(wú)形資產(chǎn)減值準(zhǔn)備 Impairment of intangible assets 長(zhǎng)期待攤費(fèi)用 Deferred assets 未確認(rèn)融資費(fèi)用 Unrecognized finance fees 其他長(zhǎng)期資產(chǎn) Other long term assets 遞延稅款借項(xiàng) Deferred assets debits 應(yīng)付票據(jù) Notes payable 應(yīng)付帳款 Trade creditors 預(yù)收帳款 Adanvances from customers 代銷商品款 Consignment-in payables 其他應(yīng)交款 Other payable to government 其他應(yīng)付款 Other creditors 應(yīng)付股利 Proposed dividends 待轉(zhuǎn)資產(chǎn)價(jià)值 Donated assets 預(yù)計(jì)負(fù)債 Accrued liabilities 應(yīng)付短期債券 Short-term debentures payable 其他流動(dòng)負(fù)債 Other current liabilities 預(yù)提費(fèi)用 Accrued expenses 應(yīng)付工資 Payroll payable 應(yīng)付福利費(fèi) Welfare payable 短期借款-抵押借款 Bank loans - Short term - pledged 短期借款-信用借款 Bank loans - Short term - credit 短期借款-擔(dān)保借款 Bank loans - Short term - guaranteed 一年內(nèi)到期長(zhǎng)期借款 Long term loans due within one year 一年內(nèi)到期長(zhǎng)期應(yīng)付款 Long term payable due within one year 長(zhǎng)期借款 Bank loans - Long term 應(yīng)付債券-債券面值 Bond payable - Par value 應(yīng)付債券-債券溢價(jià) Bond payable - Excess 應(yīng)付債券-債券折價(jià) Bond payable - Discount 應(yīng)付債券-應(yīng)計(jì)利息 Bond payable - Accrued interest 長(zhǎng)期應(yīng)付款 Long term payable 專項(xiàng)應(yīng)付款 Specific payable 其他長(zhǎng)期負(fù)債 Other long term liabilities 應(yīng)交稅金-所得稅 Tax payable - income tax 應(yīng)交稅金-增值稅 Tax payable - VAT 應(yīng)交稅金-營(yíng)業(yè)稅 Tax payable - business tax 應(yīng)交稅金-消費(fèi)稅 Tax payable - consumable tax 應(yīng)交稅金-其他 Tax payable - others 遞延稅款貸項(xiàng) Deferred taxation credit 股本 Share capital 已歸還投資 Investment returned 利潤(rùn)分配-其他轉(zhuǎn)入 Profit appropriation - other transfer in 利潤(rùn)分配-提取法定盈余公積 Profit appropriation - statutory surplus reserve 利潤(rùn)分配-提取法定公益金 Profit appropriation - statutory welfare reserve 利潤(rùn)分配-提取儲(chǔ)備基金 Profit appropriation - reserve fund 利潤(rùn)分配-提取企業(yè)發(fā)展基金 Profit appropriation - enterprise development fund 利潤(rùn)分配-提取職工獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)及福利基金 Profit appropriation - staff bonus and welfare fund 利潤(rùn)分配-利潤(rùn)歸還投資 Profit appropriation - return investment by profit 利潤(rùn)分配-應(yīng)付優(yōu)先股股利 Profit appropriation - preference shares dividends 利潤(rùn)分配-提取任意盈余公積 Profit appropriation - other surplus reserve 利潤(rùn)分配-應(yīng)付普通股股利 Profit appropriation - ordinary shares dividends 利潤(rùn)分配-轉(zhuǎn)作股本的普通股股利 Profit appropriation - ordinary shares dividends converted to shares 期初未分配利潤(rùn) Retained earnings, beginning of the year 資本公積-股本溢價(jià) Capital surplus - share premium 資本公積-接受捐贈(zèng)非現(xiàn)金資產(chǎn)準(zhǔn)備 Capital surplus - donation reserve 資本公積-接受現(xiàn)金捐贈(zèng) Capital surplus - cash donation 資本公積-股權(quán)投資準(zhǔn)備 Capital surplus - investment reserve 資本公積-撥款轉(zhuǎn)入 Capital surplus - subsidiary 資本公積-外幣資本折算差額 Capital surplus - foreign currency translation 資本公積-其他 Capital surplus - others 盈余公積-法定盈余公積金 Surplus reserve - statutory surplus reserve 盈余公積-任意盈余公積金 Surplus reserve - other surplus reserve 盈余公積-法定公益金 Surplus reserve - statutory welfare reserve 盈余公積-儲(chǔ)備基金 Surplus reserve - reserve fund 盈余公積-企業(yè)發(fā)展基金 Surplus reserve - enterprise development fund 盈余公積-利潤(rùn)歸還投資 Surplus reserve - reture investment by investment 主營(yíng)業(yè)務(wù)收入 Sales 主營(yíng)業(yè)務(wù)成本 Cost of sales 主營(yíng)業(yè)務(wù)稅金及附加 Sales tax 營(yíng)業(yè)費(fèi)用 Operating expenses 管理費(fèi)用 General and administrative expenses 財(cái)務(wù)費(fèi)用 Financial expenses 投資收益 Investment income 其他業(yè)務(wù)收入 Other operating income 營(yíng)業(yè)外收入 Non-operating income 補(bǔ)貼收入 Subsidy income 其他業(yè)務(wù)支出 Other operating expenses 營(yíng)業(yè)外支出 Non-operating expenses 所得稅 Income tax
accompanying document 附件 account 賬戶、科目 account payable 應(yīng)付賬款 account title / accounting item 會(huì)計(jì)科目 accounting document/ accounting voucument 會(huì)計(jì)憑證 accounting element 會(huì)計(jì)要素 accounting entity 會(huì)計(jì)主體 accounting entries 會(huì)計(jì)分錄 accounting equation / accounting identity 會(huì)計(jì)恒等式 accounting function 會(huì)計(jì)職能 accounting postulate 會(huì)計(jì)假設(shè) accounting principle 會(huì)計(jì)原則 accounting report /accounting statement 會(huì)計(jì)報(bào)表 accounting standard 會(huì)計(jì)準(zhǔn)則 accounting time period concept 會(huì)計(jì)分期 accounts receivable / receivables 應(yīng)收賬款 accrual- basis accounting 權(quán)責(zé)發(fā)生制原則 accumulated depreciation 累計(jì)折舊 amortization expense /expense not allocated 待攤費(fèi)用 annual statement 年報(bào) Arthur Andersen Worldwide 安達(dá)信全球 assets 資產(chǎn) balance 余額 balance sheet 資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表 begainning balance/ opening balance 期初余額 capital 資本 capital expenditure 資本性支出 capital share 股本 capital surplus 資本公積 cash 現(xiàn)金 cash in bank 銀行存款 cash journal 現(xiàn)金日記賬 cash on hand 現(xiàn)金 cash system(basis)of accounting /cash-basis princi 收付實(shí)現(xiàn)制 certified practicing accountant 注冊(cè)會(huì)計(jì)師 comparability principle 可比性原則 compound journal entry 復(fù)合分錄 conservatism ( 保守 ) principle/the prudence ( 穩(wěn)健 ) prin 謹(jǐn)慎性原則 consistency principle 一貫性原則 contingent assets 或有資產(chǎn) contingent liabilities 或有負(fù)債 cost accounting 成本會(huì)計(jì) credit balance 貸方余額 credit side 貸方 current investment 短期投資 debit balance 借方余額 debit side 借方 deferred assets 遞延資產(chǎn) deferred liabilities 遞延負(fù)債 Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu 德勤 depreciable life 折舊年限 depreciation expense 折舊費(fèi)用 depreciation rate 折舊率 descriptions 摘要 double entry 復(fù)式記賬 double-entry book-keeping 復(fù)式簿記 employee benefits payable 應(yīng)付福利費(fèi) ending balance 期末余額 Ernst & Young International 安永國(guó)際 estimateld scrap value 估計(jì)殘值 exchange gain 匯兌收益 exchange loss 匯兌損失 expenses/charges 費(fèi)用 factory overhead /manufacturing expense 制造費(fèi)用 financial accounting 財(cái)務(wù)會(huì)計(jì) financial expense 財(cái)務(wù)費(fèi)用 fiscal year/ accounting periods 會(huì)計(jì)年度 fixed assets 固定資產(chǎn) floating assets / current assets 流動(dòng)資產(chǎn) floating liabilities / current liability 流動(dòng)負(fù)債 general ledger 總分類賬 going-concern basis 持續(xù)經(jīng)營(yíng) goodwill 商譽(yù) historical cost 歷史成本 historical cost principle 歷史成本原則 : income statement /profit and loss statement 利潤(rùn)表 損益表 income tax 所得稅 intangible assets 無(wú)形資產(chǎn) international accounting 國(guó)際會(huì)計(jì) KPMG International 畢馬威國(guó)際 liabilities 負(fù)債 liability dividend / dividend payable 應(yīng)付股利 long-term investment 長(zhǎng)期投資 long-term liabilities 長(zhǎng)期負(fù)債 management accounting 管理會(huì)計(jì) management expense 管理費(fèi)用 matching principle 配比原則 materiality principle 重要性原則 monthly statement 月報(bào) negative goodwill 負(fù)商譽(yù) net assets 凈資產(chǎn) net cost 凈成本 net income 凈收益 net income apportionment 利潤(rùn)分配 net proceeds 凈收入 net profit 凈利潤(rùn) non-operating gain 營(yíng)業(yè)外收入 non-operating loss 營(yíng)業(yè)外支出 notes payable 應(yīng)付票據(jù) notes receivable/ receivables 應(yīng)收票據(jù) objectivity (reliability) principle 客觀性原則 obligee/ creditor 債權(quán)人 Obligor/ invester 債務(wù)人 operating expense 營(yíng)業(yè)費(fèi)用 operating revenue 營(yíng)業(yè)收入 owner ' s equity 所有者權(quán)益 period expense 期間費(fèi)用 perpetual inventory system 永續(xù)盤存制 personal property 動(dòng)產(chǎn) physical inventory system 實(shí)地盤存制 posting document 記賬憑證 prepayments / payment in advance 預(yù)付款項(xiàng) Price Water House Coopers 普華永道 product cost / output cost 生產(chǎn)成本 product / finished goods 產(chǎn)成品 profit 利潤(rùn) profit after tax 稅后利潤(rùn) profit before tax 稅前利潤(rùn) purchase 購(gòu)貨 purchase return and allowances 購(gòu)貨退回與折讓 quarterly statement 季報(bào) raw materials 原材料 real estate 不動(dòng)產(chǎn) relevance principle 相關(guān)性原則 reserve for bad debts / bad debts expense /provisi 壞帳準(zhǔn)備 residual(salvage)value 折余價(jià)值 ( 殘值 ) retains earning 留存收益 revenue expenditure 收益性支出 revenues 收入 sales allowances 銷貨折讓 sales discount 銷貨折扣 sales invoice 銷貨發(fā)票 sales on account 賒銷 sales return 銷售退回 sales revenue 銷售收入 selling cost 銷售成本 selling expense 銷售費(fèi)用 simple ournal entry 簡(jiǎn)單分錄 source document 原始憑證 stable-monetary concept 貨幣計(jì)量 starting-load cost / organization costs 開辦費(fèi) statement of cash flow/ cash flow statement 現(xiàn)金流量表 stock on hand / inventory 存貨 stub 存根 subsidiary accounts 明細(xì)賬戶 subsidiary ledger 明細(xì)分類賬 surplus reserve 盈余公積 T-account/ transfer T 字形賬戶 tangible assets 有形資產(chǎn) taxes payable 應(yīng)交稅金 the understandability principle 明晰性原則 timeliness 及時(shí)性原則 transaction 交易 traveling expense 差旅費(fèi) trial balance 試算平衡 undistributed profits / undivided profits 未分配利潤(rùn) unearned revenue 預(yù)收款項(xiàng) unrelated business income 營(yíng)業(yè)外收益 useful life 使用年限 value added tax 增值稅 voucher 付款憑證 wages payable / salaries payable 應(yīng)付工資 work in process / goods in process 在產(chǎn)品
1、dr:bank account 20000$ cr:accoutrecievable 20000$ 2\ dr:financial expenses$3800 cr:accoutrecievable 3800 3\dr:i can not read ,if you mean the goods has been carried out of the factory but invoices unpaid? 4、dr:Raw materials 62222,taxpayable withholdings on VAT 10578 cr:paid up capital7800 5\dr:cash8700 cr: Special payable nsurance company-8700 6\05.4.1dr:Long-term deferred and prepaid expenses 45000,cr :bank accout45000 dr: Depreciation expense 12000 cr:Accumulated depreciation12000 7\dr:Accrued wages a-2000 bo-1000 be-1000 cr bank accout 5000 8\dr: Wait deal fixed assets loss or income 1000 Depreciation expense 3000 cr: fixed assets-computer 4000 if you find reason dr:Nonbusiness expenditure-extraordinary loss or Other notes receivable cr :Wait deal fixed assets loss or income 1000 i did just now ,dont know if that is correct!
其實(shí)兩個(gè)說(shuō)法都挺地道的,只是各有側(cè)重的方面 journal有日記日?qǐng)?bào)的意思,所以journal entry指會(huì)計(jì)分錄、日記賬分錄、流水分錄;側(cè)重指出會(huì)計(jì)分錄的日結(jié)特點(diǎn)。 而accounting則是學(xué)術(shù)上專指“會(huì)計(jì)、會(huì)計(jì)學(xué)、記賬”的意思,所以accounting entry就明確的專指會(huì)計(jì)分錄,更有學(xué)術(shù)氣息。
Now I have got married. My wife and son are in China. My son three years old. This time I go to the United States is to an MBA. 我現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)結(jié)婚了。我的妻子和兒子都在中國(guó)。我兒子三歲了。我這次去美國(guó)是要學(xué)習(xí)MBA。
Language is an important communication tool for human beings, which is a major medium of culture heritage and development. As a matter of fact, language itself is a culutral phenomenon. Language including its written form plays an indispensable and fundamental part in the life and production activities of mankind. We know that every nation, in its own land or region, creates its own langage culture, which consists a unique contribution to the diverse culture of mankind. A nation loses its characteristic or spirit when it loses its culture. Consequently a unique part disappears from the whole body of human culutre. The equality of language and its culture is the foundation of the equality between countries and nations, which is closely related with national sovereignty and ethnical dignity. On the other hand, language determines the media and the right of speech, the right of elucidation and the right of appeal. Emotions, attitudes, and concepts which are included in language will translate into the cultural genes and the spiritual realm of mankind. Therefore, all the nations and ethnicities today treasure their language and cultural traditions more than ever. We hold that economic globalization and cutlural diversification, with the increasing inter-dependence of the world economy, should be integrated and developed harmoniously. 翻得倉(cāng)促,將就用吧。


發(fā)表評(píng)論
還沒有評(píng)論,來(lái)說(shuō)兩句吧...